Visita al castillo de Fontainebleau

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Nada mejor que hacer alguna visita cercana, para descansar un poco de la ciudad y recuperar energías.

La ciudad de Fontainebleau se ubica a unos 70 kilómetros al sur de París.
Es muy visitada por los parisinos, los fines de semana pero no tanto para visitar el castillo, sinó para recorrer los bosques.




Historia de Fontainebleau

Fontainebleau tiene su origen en una aldea a principios del s. XII.
Luis VII construyó allí una residencia para cuando iba de caza y una capilla, que fue consagrada por Thomas Becket, Arzobispo de Canterbury exiliado en Francia.
Lo que queda actualmente de la época medieval es la torre del homenaje. Luis IX, conocido como San Luis IX, a mediados del s. XIII, amplio la residencia de caza y construyó un castillo.
A principios del s. XVIII se celebra en la Capilla de la Trinidad el matrimonio entre Luis XV, bisnieto de Luis XIV, con María Leszczynska.
Durante esta época Luis XV manda a construir nuevas viviendas para la Corte, por lo que se construye otra ala.
Durante el reinado de Luis XVI los cambios son en el interior del palacio, sobretodo en las habitaciones del rey y la reina.
Tras la Revolución Francesa, Napoleón restaura por completo el palacio ya que como la mayoría de residencias reales se vieron saqueadas.



El Castillo de Fontainebleau

Residencia de 34 reyes y 2 Emperadores, Fontainebleau fue el único palacio habitado por todos los soberanos franceses durante unos 8 siglos.
Con 1500 piezas, es uno de los más grandes palacios de Francia, y el más amueblado de Europa. Testigo de la vida de la corte oficial e íntima de los soberanos a lo largo de los siglos, encarna, mejor que en otros lugares, el arte de vivir a la francesa.
Descubra las obras de arte del Renacimiento, encargadas por el rey François Ier, las grandes obras de Henri IV, los interiores refinados de Marie-Antoinette, el apartamento de Napoléon Ier, los fastos de Napoléon III y Eugénie, etc.

Las Salas

El palacio que cuenta con 1.900 habitaciones, siendo uno de los palacios mejor decorados. Los techos y las paredes están recubiertos de paneles de madera, excepcionales tallas y la mayoría de muebles son originales de la época renacentista.
Interior del Castillo de Fontainebleau

Las Salas Renacentistas

Las Salas Renacentistas son impresionantes por su fabulosa decoración, la mayoría de ellas fueron construidas durante el reinado de Francisco I y terminadas en el de Enrique II.
Las Salas Renacentistas por excelencia son la Galería de Francisco I, la Sala de Baile y la Cámara de Madame d’Etampes.
La Galería de Francisco I se construyó pegada a la Cámara del Rey, teniendo en sus orígenes un uso totalmente privado.
La Cámara de Madame d’Etampes la construye Francisco I, junto a su cámara, para Ana de Pisseleu, una dama de honor de su madre, Luisa de Saboya, que termina convirtiéndose en su amante. Más tarde, Luis XV la convirtió en escalera.
El Salón de Baile empezó a construirse en el reinado de Francisco I y se termina en el de Enrique II.




Museos

En el Palacio se instalaron cuatro museos a partir del s. XIX.
El Museo Chino de la Emperatriz creado en 1863 por orden de Eugenia, esposa de Napoleón III, con colecciones de Extremo Oriente provenientes de regalos y saqueos.
El Museo de Napoleón I, creado en 1986, que reúne objetos, mobiliario, joyas, armas, trajes, documentos y obras de arte pertenecientes a la familia de Napoleón.
La Galería de Pinturas, creada en 1998 que se ubica frente a la Galería de Diana con obras del s. XVII.
La Galería de Muebles creada en 2009 con muebles del castillo, ubicado en la planta baja en el apartamento de caza.

Jardín

Patio y jardines abiertos todos los dias de las 9h a las 17h (noviembre a febrero), de las 9h a las 18h (marzo, abril y octubre), de las 9h a las 19h (mayo a septiembre).
El parque abre todos los dias, las 24 horas. El acceso es gratis.

El bosque de Fontainebleau

Sobre una superficie de 25000 hectáreas, el bosque esta atrvesado por caminos, 300 km de sendas marcadas y muhco senderos.
En la oficina de turismo de Fontainebleau podemos conseguir mapas del bosque e información de las excursiones.
Si bien la elevación nunca supera los 130 metros, el bosque es bastante popular entre los escaladores. Si no estamos tan preprados físiscamente…podemos alquilar bicicletas.
Algunos de los sitios más populares son las Gorges d’Apremont, las Gorges de Frachard y la gruta Béatrix.
Alguno de los tantos senderos en el Bosque Fontainebleau
Alguno de los tantos senderos en el Bosque Fontainebleau

Los alrededores

La zona que rodea Fontainebleau es lgendaria en la historia de la pintura. La vecina localidad de Barbizon de la meca de los pintores paisajistas del siglo 19, como Daubigny, Corot y Millet.
La calle principal esta rodeada de anticurios y galerías de arte, además de algunos museos, como la uberge Ganne y los talleres de Millet y Rousseau.

La Vista al Palacio

La visita al Palacio de Fontainebleau tiene una duración a partir de las dos horas. Hay que tener en cuenta que debemos guardarnos algo de tiempo para recorrer los jardines del palacio que, aunque no son tan espectaculares como los de Versalles, también merecen la pena.
Durante la visita tendremos la oportunidad de visitar los Grandes Apartamentos, incluida la Gran Capilla y el Museo de Napoleón I.
Es posible realizar otras visitas, como algunos recorridos guiados o la que incluye la visita al Teatro Imperial, construido en época de Napoleón III.
Empezamos el recorrido por el Palacio de Fontainebleau por el que se conoce como Museo de Napoleón I.
En este museo encontraremos trajes, documentos, cerámicas o mobiliario que hacen referencia a Napoleón Bonaparte.

Información

Horarios del Palacio

De miércoles a lunes de octubre a marzo de 9.30 a 17.00 y de abril a septiembre de 9.30 a 18.00. Última entrada 45 minutos antes del cierre.
El Museo Chino y el Apartamento del Pala están cerrados entre las 11.30 y 14.30 excepto fines de semana y festivos. Cerrado el 1 de enero, 1 de mayo y 25 de diciembre.

Horario Jardines

De noviembre a febrero de 9.00 a 17.00; marzo, abril y octubre de 9.00 a 18.00 y de mayo a septiembre de 9.00 a 19.00.

Horario del parque

24 horas todos los días.

Salas

Entrada Grandes Apartamentos (Salas del Renacimiento, Apartamento del Papa, Grandes Apartamentos, Capilla de San Saturnino, Galería de Diana, Apartamento Interior del Emperador y Museo de Napoleón I): general 11€, reducida 9€. Una hora antes de cerrar: 5€, reducida 4€.
Entrada Apartamentos: general 6,50€; reducida 5€.
Entrada Galería de Muebles: general 6,50€; reducida 5€.
Entrada Gratuita para: Menores de 18 años, residente en la UE de 18 a 25 años.
Entrada Reducida para: Familias numerosas, europeos no residentes en la UE de 18 a 25 años.

Material para la visita

Alquiler de un visioguía : 2 € 1 € el miercoles 1 visioguía adulto alquilado = 1 visioguía joven público (menores de 18 años) gratis 1 € para los visitantes que compran su billete de entrada 1h antes del cierre

Actividades pedagógicas

Visitas – Talleres (2 horas, para las familias) : 15€50/adulto, 8€/niño (incluye la entrada a los Grands Appartements). Mas informaciones sobre las visitas adaptadas al joven público sobre el sitio Internet www.chateau-fontainebleau-education.fr

Restaurante

Salón de té L’Orangerie du château de Fontainebleau. Reservacion : +33 (0) 6 03 62 30 79 – lorangerie77@orange.fr

Como llegar

En tren: desde la Gare de Lyon, tren hacia Montargis Sens o Montereau, bajándose en la estación Fontainebleau-Avon.
En coche: por la A6 desde París siguiendo la indicación A6/Évry/Lyon/Chilly-Mazarin y tomando la desviación de Fontainebleau

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